The Algarve, located in the southernmost region of Portugal, is famous for its golden beaches, dramatic cliffs, and sunny weather. But beyond its coastline lies a world of incredible biodiversity, making it one of the best destinations in Europe for nature lovers and birdwatchers alike.
With its varied landscapes, including coastal lagoons, wetlands, forests, and rugged cliffs, the Algarve provides a sanctuary for a wide range of wildlife.
The region is home to numerous endemic species, as well as a crucial stopover for migratory birds traveling between Europe and Africa. Whether you’re an experienced birdwatcher or simply enjoy exploring the outdoors, the Algarve offers countless opportunities to observe nature in its purest form.
In this article, we’ll take you on a journey through some of the best birdwatching and wildlife observation spots in the Algarve, highlighting the unique species you can encounter along the way.
Ria Formosa – A Birdwatching Paradise
A Natural Wonder on the Algarve Coast
Ria Formosa is one of the most important wetland ecosystems in Europe and a must-visit destination for birdwatching enthusiasts. Stretching over 60 km along the Algarve coast, this protected lagoon system consists of salt marshes, tidal flats, islands, and sand dunes, making it an essential habitat for both resident and migratory birds.
Birds You Can Spot in Ria Formosa
Flamingos – One of the most iconic species found here, these elegant pink birds are a common sight, especially in the winter months.
Little Terns and Sandwich Terns – These seabirds can be seen diving into the water to catch fish.
Black-winged Stilts – Recognizable by their long, thin red legs, they can be found wading through the shallow waters.
Purple Swamphens – With their striking blue plumage and bright red beaks, these birds are a highlight for any birdwatcher.
Ospreys and Marsh Harriers – These birds of prey can often be seen hunting over the wetlands.
How to Explore Ria Formosa
There are several ways to experience Ria Formosa’s wildlife:
- Boat Tours – Local guides offer birdwatching boat tours that take you deep into the lagoon, increasing your chances of spotting rare species.
- Hiking and Cycling Trails – There are well-marked trails around the lagoon, perfect for birdwatching on foot or by bike.
- Guided Tours – Joining a professional birdwatching guide can help you spot and identify the many species found in the area.
Best time to visit: Autumn and winter are particularly rewarding, as migratory birds arrive in large numbers.
Costa Vicentina Natural Park
A Wild and Unspoiled Landscape
Stretching along the western Algarve and up into the Alentejo region, the Costa Vicentina Natural Park is a rugged and windswept coastal paradise. Unlike the more developed eastern Algarve, this region is known for its wild beauty, dramatic cliffs, and vast sandy beaches. It is also a prime location for seabird observation.
Birds You Can Spot in Costa Vicentina
Griffon Vultures – With their massive wingspans, these scavengers can often be seen soaring over the cliffs.
Bonelli’s Eagles – One of the region’s most majestic raptors, frequently spotted near rocky outcrops.
Peregrine Falcons – The fastest bird in the world, often seen hunting along the cliffs.
Alpine Swifts and Crag Martins – These agile birds can be seen flying near rocky cliffs.
Wildlife Beyond Birds
Costa Vicentina is also home to a variety of mammals, including wild boars, foxes, and even otters, which can sometimes be seen near rivers and estuaries.
Best time to visit: Spring and autumn are the best seasons for birdwatching, as many migratory birds pass through during these times.
Serra de Monchique – The Green Heart of the Algarve
A Mountainous Escape for Birdwatchers
Serra de Monchique offers a completely different experience from the coastal areas of the Algarve. Covered in lush forests, rolling hills, and natural springs, this region provides a cooler and greener environment, ideal for forest birds and raptors.
Birds You Can Spot in Serra de Monchique
Eurasian Jay – A colorful bird often found in wooded areas.
European Green Woodpecker – Recognizable by its bright green plumage and loud calls.
Short-toed Eagle – A rare bird of prey known for hunting reptiles.
Tawny Owl – More often heard than seen, this nocturnal bird can be spotted at dusk.
Other Wildlife to Watch For
The forests of Monchique are also home to wild boars, badgers, and even the elusive Iberian lynx.
Best time to visit: Spring and early summer are the best times to see birds in Monchique, as the forests are alive with activity.
Lagoa dos Salgados – A Hidden Gem for Water Birds
An Underrated Birdwatching Spot
Located near Armação de Pêra, Lagoa dos Salgados is one of the best places in the Algarve for spotting water birds. Despite being smaller than Ria Formosa, this lagoon attracts a high concentration of birdlife due to its rich wetland ecosystem.
Birds You Can Spot in Lagoa dos Salgados
Great Flamingos – Large flocks can often be seen wading in the shallows.
Eurasian Spoonbills – Their distinctive spoon-shaped bills make them easy to identify.
Kentish Plovers – These small shorebirds are common along the sandy edges.
Glossy Ibis – A rare sight in Europe, but frequently seen here.
How to Explore Lagoa dos Salgados
The area has boardwalks and viewing platforms, making it easy for visitors to observe birds without disturbing them.
Best time to visit: Autumn and winter offer the best chances to see migratory species in large numbers.
The Algarve is far more than just a beach destination, it is a haven for wildlife lovers and birdwatchers. With its diverse habitats, from wetlands and coastal cliffs to forests and mountains, the region supports an extraordinary variety of species.
Whether you’re an experienced birder or a casual nature enthusiast, visiting these top birdwatching locations will give you a unique glimpse into the Algarve’s natural world.
